Magnesium is a chemical element whose symbol is Mg and atomic number 12. It is the 8th most abundant element in the earth's crust. It is a group 2 alkaline earth metal from the same family as aluminium, calcium and beryllium.

Magnesium is a soft, silver-gray metal that is very reactive. It is very resistant to corrosion, but can be attacked by weak hydrochloric acid. Magnesium is very soft and can be easily cut with a hacksaw.

Magnesium is a highly flammable metal and can ignite easily at high temperatures. It can also react with water to produce magnesium hydroxide and hydrogen. Magnesium is a very good conductor of electricity and heat.

Magnesium is used in many industries. It is used to produce alloys for making metal parts, tools, engines, aircraft and furniture. It is also used in the manufacture of refractory metals and in the production of building materials. Magnesium is also used in the pharmaceutical industry for the manufacture of drugs, food additives and antimicrobial agents.

648.8°
1107°

24.3059

1
2

[Ne] 3s2

2
8
2

1.31

7.6462

Synthetic

Radioactive

Liquid

Gaseous

Electronic configuration diagram

Characteristics

Name	Magnesium
Number	12
Atomic	24.3059
Symbol	Mg
Fusion	648.8
Boiling	1107
Density	1.738
Period	3
Group	2

Discovery	1755 Black
Abundance	23300
Radius	1.7
Electronegativity	1.31
Ionization	7.6462
Number of isotopes	8
Electronic configuration	[Ne] 3s2
Oxidation states	1,2
Electron by energy level	2,8,2

Minerals containing this element : 990

Mineral	Hardness	Density
Actinolite	5.50 / 5.50	2.98
Adelite	5.00 / 5.00	3.73
Admontite	2.00 / 3.00	1.82
Adrianite
Aegirine-augite	6.00 / 6.00	3.40
Aenigmatite	5.00 / 6.00	3.74
Aerinite	3.00 / 3.00	2.48
Akatoreite	6.00 / 6.00	3.48
Akermanite	5.00 / 6.00	2.94
Akimotoite
Akrochordite	3.50 / 3.50	3.19
Aksaite	2.50 / 2.50	1.99
Albrechtschraufite	2.00 / 3.00	2.60
Aldermanite	2.00 / 2.00	2.00
Aliettite	1.00 / 2.00
Allanite-(La)	6.00 / 6.00	3.93
Alluaudite	5.00 / 5.50	3.45
Almarudite	6.00 / 6.00	2.71
Alpersite	2.50 / 2.50
Althausite	3.50 / 3.50	2.97
Alumino-magnesiohornblende
Alumino-magnesiotaramite
Alumino-ottoliniite
Aluminobarroisite	5.00 / 6.00	2.94
Aluminoceladonite
Aluminocopiapite	2.50 / 3.00	2.00
Aluminomagnesiohulsite	6.00 / 6.00	3.84
Aluminotschermakite	5.00 / 6.00
Aluminowinchite
Alumoåkermanite	4.00 / 5.00	3.00
Alumovesuvianite
Amakinite	3.50 / 4.00	2.93
Amesite	2.50 / 3.00	2.77
Ammoniomagnesiovoltaite
Anandite	3.00 / 4.00	3.94
Andrémeyerite	5.50 / 5.50	4.15
Angastonite	2.00 / 2.00	2.47
Anhydrokainite
Ankerite	3.50 / 4.00	3.00
Anthophyllite	5.00 / 6.00	2.85
Antigorite	3.50 / 4.00	2.50
Apexite	2.00 / 2.00	1.74
Arakiite	3.00 / 4.00
Ardennite-(As)	6.00 / 7.00	3.62
Ardennite-(V)	6.00 / 7.00	3.55
Arhbarite
Aristarainite	3.50 / 3.50	2.03
Armalcolite	6.00 / 6.00	4.00
Armbrusterite	3.50 / 3.50	2.78
Arnhemite		2.33
Arrojadite-(BaFe)		3.54
Arrojadite-(BaNa)
Arrojadite-(KFe)	5.00 / 5.00	3.50
Arrojadite-(KNa)
Arrojadite-(NaFe)
Arrojadite-(PbFe)	4.00 / 5.00
Arrojadite-(SrFe)
Arseniopleite	3.50 / 3.50	4.22
Arsenowagnerite
Artinite	2.50 / 2.50	2.00
Arupite	1.50 / 2.00	2.00
Asbolane	6.00 / 6.00
Aspidolite	2.00 / 3.00	2.89
Astrophyllite	3.00 / 3.50	3.30
Atencioite	4.50 / 4.50	2.84
Attikaite	2.00 / 2.50	3.20
Augite	5.00 / 6.50	3.20
Axinite-(Mg)	6.50 / 7.00	3.27
Azoproite	5.50 / 5.50	3.63
Baileychlore	2.50 / 3.00	3.18
Bakhchisaraitsevite	2.00 / 2.50	2.50
Balangeroite		2.96
Balipholite	5.00 / 5.50	3.33
Bannisterite	4.00 / 4.00	2.83
Barahonaite-(Fe)		3.03
Barbertonite	1.50 / 2.00	2.10
Baricite	1.50 / 2.00	2.42
Barrerite	3.00 / 4.00	2.13
Barringtonite		2.83
Barroisite	5.00 / 6.00	3.00
Barytolamprophyllite	2.00 / 3.00	3.62
Batiferrite	6.00 / 6.00
Batisivite	7.00 / 7.00	4.62
Bayleyite		2.05
Baylissite		2.00
Bazzite	6.50 / 6.50	2.80
Bederite	5.00 / 5.00	3.48
Benstonite	3.00 / 4.00	3.60
Benyacarite	2.50 / 3.00	2.40
Berthierine	2.50 / 2.50	3.03
Berzeliite	4.50 / 5.00	4.08
Betpakdalite-CaMg	3.50 / 3.50	2.94
Beusite	5.00 / 5.00	3.60
Biraite-(Ce)	5.00 / 5.00	4.76
Bischofite	1.50 / 2.00	1.56
Bjarebyite	4.00 / 4.00	4.02
Blatterite	6.00 / 6.00	4.70
Blödite	3.00 / 3.00	2.23
Bluestreakite	2.00 / 2.00	2.63