Yttrium is the chemical element with atomic number 39 and symbol Y. It is a soft, silvery metal, with a relatively low density and a very high energy content. It is very reactive and can easily form compounds with many elements.

The main chemical properties of yttrium are its low solubility and its ability to form rare earth oxides, which makes it useful for making many alloys, including the superalloy Inconel. It is also used in the production of infrared light glasses, and to make lubricants.

yttrium is also used as a catalyst for several chemical reactions, including the decarboxylation of amino acids and the hydrogenation of aromatic hydrocarbons. It is also used for the production of lasers, crystals that react to radiation and mechanical processes.

Finally, yttrium is an essential component of many supercapacitors, which are devices used to store electrical energy at very low temperatures. There are also medical applications for this element, including cancer treatment and infection prevention.

1523°
3337°

88.90584

1
2
3

[Kr] 4d1 5s2

2
8
18
9
2

1.22

6.2173

Synthetic

Radioactive

Liquid

Gaseous

Electronic configuration diagram

Characteristics

Name	Yttrium
Number	39
Atomic	88.90584
Symbol	Y
Fusion	1523
Boiling	3337
Density	4.469
Period	5
Group	3

Discovery	1794 Gadolin
Abundance	33
Radius	2.3
Electronegativity	1.22
Ionization	6.2173
Number of isotopes	21
Electronic configuration	[Kr] 4d1 5s2
Oxidation states	1,2,3
Electron by energy level	2,8,18,9,2

Minerals containing this element : 194

Mineral	Hardness	Density
Adamsite-(Y)	3.00 / 3.00
Aeschynite-(Y)	5.00 / 6.00	4.85
Agakhanovite-(Y)	6.00 / 6.00	2.67
Agardite-(Ce)	3.00 / 3.00	3.72
Agardite-(Nd)	3.00 / 4.00	3.72
Agardite-(Y)	3.00 / 4.00	3.66
Allanite-(Ce)	5.50 / 5.50	3.30
Allanite-(La)	6.00 / 6.00	3.93
Allanite-(Y)	5.50 / 5.50	3.30
Allendeite		4.84
Almeidaite
Aluminocerite-(Ce)	5.00 / 5.00	4.68
Alwilkinsite-(Y)	2.00 / 2.50	3.37
Ashcroftine-(Y)	5.00 / 5.00	2.61
Atelisite-(Y)		4.26
Barrydawsonite-(Y)
Bastnäsite-(Y)	4.00 / 4.50	4.90
Batievaite-(Y)	5.00 / 5.50	3.45
Bijvoetite-(Y)	2.00 / 2.00	3.90
Bobtraillite	5.50 / 5.50	3.16
Britholite-(Y)	5.00 / 5.00	4.25
Bussyite-(Ce)		3.00
Bussyite-(Y)	4.00 / 4.00
Byzantievite	4.50 / 5.00	4.25
Calciopetersite	3.00 / 3.00	3.33
Calciosamarskite	6.50 / 6.50	4.48
Calcybeborosilite-(Y)	5.00 / 5.50	3.00
Cappelenite-(Y)	6.00 / 6.00	4.40
Carbokentbrooksite	5.00 / 5.00	3.14
Cayalsite-(Y)
Caysichite-(Y)	4.50 / 4.50	3.03
Ceriopyrochlore-(Ce)	5.00 / 5.50	4.13
Cervandonite-(Ce)	5.00 / 5.00
Chernovite-(Y)	4.00 / 5.00	4.87
Chiappinoite-(Y)	6.00 / 6.00	3.07
Chinleite-(Y)	2.50 / 3.00	3.39
Chukhrovite-(Ce)	3.00 / 3.00
Chukhrovite-(Nd)	3.50 / 4.00	2.42
Chukhrovite-(Y)	3.00 / 3.00	2.27
Churchite-(Y)	3.00 / 3.00	3.27
Crichtonite	5.00 / 6.00	4.46
Davidite-(Ce)	6.00 / 6.00	4.42
Davidite-(La)	6.00 / 6.00	4.42
Davidite-(Y)
Davisite
Decrespignyite-(Y)	4.00 / 4.00	3.64
Dessauite-(Y)	6.50 / 7.00	4.68
Donnayite-(Y)	3.00 / 3.00	3.30
Dusmatovite	4.50 / 4.50	2.96
Eudialyte	5.00 / 5.50	2.80
Euxenite-(Y)	6.50 / 6.50	4.70
Ewaldite		3.25
Fergusonite-(Ce)	5.50 / 6.50	5.48
Fergusonite-(Y)	5.50 / 6.00	4.30
Fergusonite-(Y)-	5.50 / 6.50
Ferrokentbrooksite	5.00 / 6.00	3.06
Fersmite	4.00 / 4.50	4.69
Fluorbritholite-(Ce)	5.00 / 5.00	4.66
Fluorbritholite-(Y)	5.50 / 5.50	4.61
Fluorcalciobritholite	5.50 / 5.50	4.20
Fluorthalénite-(Y)	4.00 / 5.00	4.24
Fogoite-(Y)	5.00 / 5.00	3.52
Formanite-(Y)	5.50 / 6.50	7.03
Françoisite-(Nd)	3.00 / 3.00	4.06
Gadolinite-(Ce)	6.50 / 7.00	4.20
Gadolinite-(Y)	6.50 / 7.00	4.00
Gagarinite-(Y)	4.50 / 4.50	4.21
Georgbarsanovite	5.00 / 5.00	3.05
Gerenite-(Y)	5.00 / 5.00	3.30
Goudeyite	3.00 / 4.00	3.50
Gramaccioliite-(Y)	6.00 / 6.00	4.66
Grenmarite	4.50 / 4.50	3.49
Hainite	5.00 / 5.00	3.15
Hellandite-(Y)	5.50 / 6.00	3.70
Hingganite-(Ce)	5.00 / 6.00	4.28
Hingganite-(Y)	5.00 / 6.00
Hingganite-(Yb)	6.00 / 7.00	4.83
Hiortdahlite	5.50 / 5.50	3.27
Hizenite-(Y)		2.98
Horváthite-(Y)	4.00 / 4.00	3.58
Hundholmenite-(Y)	5.00 / 6.00	5.21
Hyalotekite	5.50 / 5.50	3.81
Iimoriite-(Y)	5.50 / 6.00	4.47
Ishikawaite	5.00 / 6.00	6.20
Iwashiroite-(Y)	6.00 / 6.00	7.10
Johnsenite-(Ce)	5.00 / 6.00	3.20
Kainosite-(Y)	5.00 / 6.00	3.40
Kamotoite-(Y)		3.93
Kamphaugite-(Y)	2.00 / 3.00	3.19
Kapitsaite-(Y)	5.50 / 5.50	3.74
Kapustinite	6.00 / 6.00	2.78
Keiviite-(Y)	4.00 / 5.00	4.45
Keiviite-(Yb)	4.00 / 5.00	5.95
Kimuraite-(Y)	2.50 / 2.50	2.60
Kobeite-(Y)	5.50 / 5.50	4.60
Kochite	5.00 / 5.00	3.32
Kozoite-(La)		4.16
Kuliokite-(Y)	4.00 / 5.00	4.30
Lakargiite	8.00 / 8.50	4.59