Calcium (chemical symbol Ca) is a metallic chemical element that occurs as a silver-gray metal in the free state and as tricalcium phosphate or Calcium carbonate in the form of salts. This chemical element is the fifth most abundant element on earth and the third in the oceans. It is one of the alkali metals.

Calcium is a silvery gray metal in its pure state. Its molar mass is 40.08 g/mol and its atomic number is 20. It has a melting point of 1442°C and a boiling point of 2572°C. Its density is 1.55 g/cm3. Its crystal structure is face-centered cubic and its valence is 2+.

Calcium is a reactive metal that easily combines with oxygens and halogens to form salts, as well as acids to form organic acid salts. It is very soluble in water and is insoluble in organic solvents. It is a good catalyst and is capable of fixing Oxygen or hydroxyl ions.

Calcium is widely used in the cement, facade coatings and adhesives industry. It is also used in the manufacture of dairy products, matches, food coloring and building materials. In medicine, Calcium is used as a food additive to increase the absorption of Iron and Phosphorus. CaCO3 is used to adsorb Carbon dioxide and regulate the pH of swimming pool water. Finally, Calcium is an important component of the skeleton in humans and Animals.

839°
1487°

40.078

[Ar] 4s2

2
8
8
2

6.1132

Synthetic

Radioactive

Liquid

Gaseous

Electronic configuration diagram

Characteristics

Name	Calcium
Number	20
Atomic	40.078
Symbol	Ca
Fusion	839
Boiling	1487
Density	1.54
Period	4
Group	2

Discovery	1808 Davy
Abundance	41500
Radius	2.2
Electronegativity	1
Ionization	6.1132
Number of isotopes	14
Electronic configuration	[Ar] 4s2
Oxidation states	2
Electron by energy level	2,8,8,2

Minerals containing this element : 1612

Mineral	Hardness	Density
Abuite
Actinolite	5.50 / 5.50	2.98
Adachiite
Addibischoffite
Adelite	5.00 / 5.00	3.73
Adrianite
Aegirine-augite	6.00 / 6.00	3.40
Aenigmatite	5.00 / 6.00	3.74
Aerinite	3.00 / 3.00	2.48
Aeschynite-(Ce)	5.00 / 6.00	5.19
Aeschynite-(Y)	5.00 / 6.00	4.85
Afghanite	5.50 / 6.00	2.55
Afwillite	3.00 / 3.00	2.62
Agakhanovite-(Y)	6.00 / 6.00	2.67
Agardite-(Ce)	3.00 / 3.00	3.72
Agardite-(La)	3.00 / 4.00	3.72
Agardite-(Nd)	3.00 / 4.00	3.72
Agardite-(Y)	3.00 / 4.00	3.66
Agrellite	5.50 / 5.50	2.88
Agrinierite		5.62
Akatoreite	6.00 / 6.00	3.48
Akermanite	5.00 / 6.00	2.94
Aklimaite
Albite	7.00 / 7.00	2.61
Albrechtschraufite	2.00 / 3.00	2.60
Aldridgeite	3.00 / 3.00	3.33
Aleksandrovite	4.00 / 4.50	3.07
Alexkhomyakovite
Alflarsenite	4.00 / 4.00	2.61
Alfredstelznerite
Aliettite	1.00 / 2.00
Allanite-(Ce)	5.50 / 5.50	3.30
Allanite-(La)	6.00 / 6.00	3.93
Allanite-(Nd)
Allanite-(Y)	5.50 / 5.50	3.30
Allendeite		4.84
Alloriite	5.00 / 5.00	2.35
Alluaivite	5.00 / 6.00	2.76
Alluaudite	5.00 / 5.50	3.45
Almarudite	6.00 / 6.00	2.71
Alnaperbøeite-(Ce)
Alsakharovite-Zn	5.00 / 5.00	2.90
Alstonite	4.00 / 4.50	3.69
Alumino-ferrobarroisite
Alumino-ferrohornblende
Alumino-ferrotschermakite
Alumino-ferrowinchite
Alumino-magnesiohornblende
Alumino-magnesiotaramite
Aluminobarroisite	5.00 / 6.00	2.94
Aluminocerite-(Ce)	5.00 / 5.00	4.68
Aluminokatophorite	5.00 / 6.00
Aluminotschermakite	5.00 / 6.00
Aluminowinchite
Alumoåkermanite	4.00 / 5.00	3.00
Alumohydrocalcite	2.50 / 2.50	2.23
Alumotungstite
Alumovesuvianite
Aminoffite	5.50 / 5.50	2.94
Ammonite	6.00 / 7.00	3.20
Amstallite	4.00 / 4.00	2.40
Anapaite	3.00 / 4.00	2.80
Andersonite	2.50 / 2.50	2.79
Andesine	7.00 / 7.00	2.66
Andradite	6.50 / 7.00	3.70
Andrianovite	5.00 / 5.00	3.02
Angastonite	2.00 / 2.00	2.47
Angelite	3.50 / 3.50	2.96
Anhydrite	3.50 / 3.50	2.96
Ankerite	3.50 / 4.00	3.00
Anorthite	6.00 / 6.00	2.72
Antarcticite	2.00 / 3.00	1.71
Apatite	5.00 / 6.00	3.16
Aqualite	4.00 / 5.00	2.66
Aradite
Aragonite	3.50 / 4.00	2.93
Arapovite	5.50 / 6.00	3.43
Arctite	5.00 / 5.00	3.11
Ardealite	1.00 / 1.50	2.30
Ardennite-(As)	6.00 / 7.00	3.62
Ardennite-(V)	6.00 / 7.00	3.55
Armbrusterite	3.50 / 3.50	2.78
Armenite	7.50 / 7.50	2.76
Armstrongite	4.50 / 4.50	2.70
Arnhemite		2.33
Arrojadite-(BaFe)		3.54
Arrojadite-(BaNa)
Arrojadite-(KFe)	5.00 / 5.00	3.50
Arrojadite-(KNa)
Arrojadite-(NaFe)
Arrojadite-(PbFe)	4.00 / 5.00
Arrojadite-(SrFe)
Arseniopleite	3.50 / 3.50	4.22
Arseniosiderite	1.50 / 1.50	3.50
Arsenocrandallite	5.50 / 5.50	3.25
Arsenogoyazite	4.00 / 4.00	3.33
Arsenuranylite	2.50 / 2.50	4.25
Asbecasite	6.50 / 7.00	3.70
Asbolane	6.00 / 6.00