Lithium is a metallic chemical element of the alkali family. It is the third lightest and most abundant element in the universe after hydrogen and helium. Its symbol is Li and its atomic number is 3.

Lithium is a soft, silvery-grey metal that has a low density and is very reactive. It has a relatively low melting point (180.54°C) and a high boiling point (1342°C). It is soluble in water and can form solutions of acids and salts.

Lithium is very reactive and can easily react with oxygen and moisture in the air. It has a high electrochemical capacity and is used to make rechargeable batteries and accumulators. It is also an excellent thermal and electrical insulator.

Lithium is frequently used in the automotive industry to manufacture batteries and accumulators. It is also used in the aeronautical industry, as well as in the manufacture of metal products, glass and ceramics. Additionally, it is used in medications to treat bipolar disorder and schizophrenia.

180.5°
1317°

6.942

[He] 2s1

2
1

0.98

5.3917

Synthetic

Radioactive

Liquid

Gaseous

Electronic configuration diagram

Characteristics

Name	Lithium
Number	3
Atomic	6.942
Symbol	Li
Fusion	180.5
Boiling	1317
Density	0.534
Period	2
Group	1

Discovery	1817 Arfvedson
Abundance	20
Radius	2.1
Electronegativity	0.98
Ionization	5.3917
Number of isotopes	5
Electronic configuration	[He] 2s1
Oxidation states	1
Electron by energy level	2,1

Minerals containing this element : 151

Mineral	Hardness	Density
Aleksandrovite	4.00 / 4.50	3.07
Alumino-ottoliniite
Amblygonite	5.50 / 6.00	2.98
Arrojadite-(KNa)
Arrojadite-(SrFe)
Balestraite	2.50 / 3.00	2.95
Balipholite	5.00 / 5.50	3.33
Baratovite	3.50 / 3.50	2.92
Berezanskite	2.50 / 3.00	2.66
Bertossaite	6.00 / 6.00	3.10
Bikitaite	6.00 / 6.00	2.28
Bityite	5.50 / 5.50	3.00
Borocookeite	3.00 / 3.00	2.62
Brannockite	5.00 / 6.00	2.98
Bulgakite
Ciprianiite
Clino-ferri-holmquistite	6.00 / 6.00	3.25
Clino-ferro-ferri-holmquistite	6.00 / 6.00	3.24
Clinoferroholmquistite	5.00 / 6.00
Colquiriite	4.00 / 4.00	2.94
Cookeite	2.50 / 2.50	2.67
Cryolithionite	2.50 / 2.50	2.78
Darapiosite	5.00 / 5.00	2.92
Darrellhenryite	7.00 / 7.00	3.04
Dickinsonite-(KMnNa)	3.50 / 4.00	3.42
Diomignite
Dusmatovite	4.50 / 4.50	2.96
Elbaite	7.50 / 7.50	2.90
Eliseevite	5.00 / 5.00	2.71
Emeleusite	5.00 / 6.00	2.76
Ephesite	3.50 / 4.50	2.98
Eucryptite	6.50 / 6.50	2.67
Faizievite	4.00 / 4.50	2.82
Ferri-fluoro-leakeite
Ferri-leakeite	5.50 / 6.00	3.11
Ferri-ottoliniite	5.00 / 6.00
Ferri-pedrizite	6.00 / 6.00	3.19
Ferrisicklerite	4.00 / 4.00	3.41
Ferriwhittakerite	6.00 / 6.00
Ferro-ferri-fluoro-leakeite	6.00 / 6.00
Ferro-ferri-pedrizite	6.00 / 6.00	3.23
Ferro-fluoro-pedrizite		3.12
Ferro-holmquistite	5.00 / 6.00	3.15
Ferro-pedrizite		3.14
Ferroleakeite
Ferropedrizite
Fluor-elbaite
Fluor-liddicoatite	7.50 / 7.50	3.05
Fluorannite	3.00 / 3.00	3.15
Fluoro-leakeite	6.00 / 6.00	3.14
Fluoro-pedrizite
Fluorophlogopite	2.00 / 3.00	2.83
Footemineite	4.50 / 4.50	2.87
Gainesite	4.00 / 4.00	2.94
Griceite	4.50 / 4.50	2.62
Griphite	5.50 / 5.50	3.40
Hectorite	1.00 / 2.00	2.00
Hellandite-(Ce)	5.50 / 6.00
Hellandite-(Y)	5.50 / 6.00	3.70
Holmquistite	5.50 / 5.50	3.06
Hsianghualite	6.50 / 6.50	2.97
Jadarite	4.00 / 5.00	2.45
Jarlite	4.00 / 4.50	3.87
Katayamalite	3.50 / 4.00	2.91
Kornerupine	7.00 / 7.00	3.30
Kunzite
Kupletskite-(Cs)	4.00 / 4.00	3.68
Lavinskyite
Lepidolite	2.50 / 4.00	2.80
Liberite	7.00 / 7.00	2.69
Liguriaite
Lintisite	5.00 / 6.00	2.77
Lithiomarsturite	6.00 / 6.00	3.32
Lithiophilite	4.00 / 5.00	3.34
Lithiophorite	2.50 / 3.00	3.14
Lithiophosphate	4.00 / 4.00	2.48
Lithiotantite	6.00 / 6.50	7.00
Lithiowodginite	5.00 / 6.00	7.50
Londonite	8.00 / 8.00	3.34
Luanshiweiite	3.00 / 3.00	2.87
Lunijianlaite	2.00 / 2.00	2.75
Magnesioneptunite	5.00 / 6.00	3.15
Magnesiostaurolite	7.00 / 7.50	3.54
Manandonite	2.50 / 3.50	2.89
Mangani-dellaventuraite	5.00 / 5.00	3.18
Manganoneptunite	5.00 / 6.00	3.23
Masutomilite	2.50 / 2.50	2.94
Mccrillisite	4.50 / 4.50	3.12
Montebrasite	5.50 / 6.00	3.03
Nalipoite	4.00 / 4.00	2.58
Nalivkinite		3.29
Nambulite	6.50 / 6.50	3.51
Nanlingite	2.50 / 2.50	3.93
Nanpingite	2.50 / 3.00	3.11
Natromontebrasite	5.50 / 5.50	3.04
Natronambulite	5.50 / 6.00	3.51
Neptunite	5.00 / 6.00	3.23
Norrishite	2.50 / 2.50	3.26
Okanoganite-(Y)	4.00 / 4.00	4.35