Germanium — Ge

The chemical element Germanium is an element of type Metalloids with the symbol Ge. It has an atomic mass of 72.63 u and an electronic configuration of [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p2.
Synthétique Radioactif Liquide Gaz

937.4°
2830°
72.63
32
-4
1
2
3
4
Ge
2
8
18
4
[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p2
2.01
7.8994
Electronic configuration diagram
Germanium
characteristics
Atomic number
32
Atomic mass
72.63
Symbol
Ge
Melting point
937.4
Boiling point
2830
Density
5.323
Period
4
Group
14
Discovery
1886 Winkler
Abundance
1.5
Radius
1.5
Electronegativity
2.01
Ionization
7.8994
Isotope
17
Electronic configuration
[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p2
Oxidation state
-4,1,2,3,4
Electron
2,8,18,4
Germanium is a chemical element whose symbol is Ge and which has the atomic number 32 on the periodic table. It is a semiconductor metal that is in the silicon family. germanium is a shiny silver-grey metal that breaks into fine flakes. germanium is an unstable metallic element that dissolves in basic solutions and forms oxides. It is quite reactive but not enough to decompose spontaneously. It is very strong and its melting point is around 937°C. It is generally soluble in mineral leaches but not in acid solutions. germanium is a semiconductor that is known for its great ability to transmit electronic signals. It is used to make transistors and diodes which are an important part of electronic circuits. It is the main component of alloys specially designed for use on junctions which are interfaces between different electronic systems. germanium is used in the optical industry for applications such as the manufacture of lenses and mirrors. It is also used for the manufacture of optical fibers and optical instruments. It is used in the manufacture of electronic components and circuits, including semiconductor light-emitting diodes and transistors.

Minerals containing Germanium

first name Hardness Density Chemical formula
Alburnite — 7.83 Ag8GeTe2S4
Argutite — 0.00 GeO2
Argyrodite — 6.10 Ag8GeS6
Barquillite — 4.53 Cu2(Cd,Fe2+)GeS4
Bartelkeite — 4.97 PbFeGe(Ge2O7)(OH)2·H2O
Briartite — 4.50 Cu2FeGeS4
Brunogeierite — 5.51 Fe2+2Ge4+O4
Cadmoindite — 0.00 CdIn2S4
Calvertite — 5.24 Cu5Ge0.5S4
Carboirite — 3.00 Fe2+Al2GeO5(OH)2
Carraraite — 0.00 Ca3Ge(SO4)(CO3)(OH)6·12H2O
Catamarcaite — 4.89 Cu6GeWS8
Colusite — 4.20 Cu12VAs3S16
Eyselite — 3.64 Fe3+Ge4+3O7(OH)
Fleischerite — 4.20 Pb3Ge(SO4)2(OH)6·3H2O
Galloplumbogummite — 4.62 Pb(Ga,Al)2Ge(PO4)2(OH)6
Germanite — 4.40 Cu13Fe2Ge2S16
Germanocolusite — 4.00 Cu13VGe3S16
Itoite — 6.67 Pb3GeO2(SO4)2(OH)2
Krieselite — 4.07 Al2GeO4(OH)2
Maikainite — 4.45 Cu10Fe3MoGe3S16
Mathewrogersite — 4.70 Pb7FeAl3GeSi12O36(OH,H2O)6
Morozeviczite — 6.62 Pb3Ge1-xS4
Nuwaite — 0.00 Ni6GeS2
Otjisumeite — 5.00 PbGe4O9
Ovamboite — 4.74 Cu10Fe3WGe3S16
Polkovicite — 6.62 (Fe,Pb)3(Ge,Fe)1-xS4
Putzite — 5.79 (Cu,Ag)8GeS6
Renierite — 4.38 (Cu1+,Zn)11Fe4(Ge4+,As5+)2S16
Schaurteite — 2.65 Ca3Ge4+(SO4)2(OH)6·3H2O
Stottite — 3.60 Fe2+Ge4+(OH)6
Tsumgallite — 5.08 GaOOH
Zincobriartite — 0.00 Cu2(Zn,Fe)(Ge,Ga)S4

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